【17返馬】20170716。姆魯 Mulu (8) 清水洞 Clearwater Cave

清水洞長222公里(2017年的勘察數據),為世界第八長、內容積最大的岩洞體系。這次觀光的清水洞為此岩洞體系西南方的主洞,此處為清水洞體系最早被發現的洞口,洞深約15哩,為地下河清水河的出口地帶。在探險考察工程進行了約40年後,體系的長度已達222公里。在探險隊從風洞找到通往清水洞的通道後,風洞也被列入清水洞體系。我們參觀的主洞有完善的步道規劃,入洞後先去參觀其側邊少女洞尾端的深坑,再去主洞繞一圈,欣賞地下河清水河的河道及石灰岩洞景色,為此程精彩絕色的壓軸戲。 The Clearwater Cave System (Malay: Gua Air Jernih) in Gunung Mulu National Park is believed to be the largest interconnected cave system in the world by volume and the 8th longest cave in the world at 222 km (2017). The system lies mainly under the western margins of Gunung Api between the Melinau Gorge…

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【17返馬】20170716。姆魯 Mulu (7) 風洞 Wind Cave

「風洞」之所以叫風洞,就是因為它的洞裡有風,呵呵!風洞裡的通道有寬有窄、起伏不平,尾端有一壯麗堂皇的「帝皇之室」。洞體因為中間有塊洞頂崩塌而開了天窗,在熱氣上升的作用下,加速從洞口往洞裡的空氣流動速度,形成了風,尤其是在天氣熱時,站在狹窄的瓶頸地帶就能感受到涼風習習。而「帝皇之室」內的鐘乳石、石筍、石柱等的形成也跟室內的空氣流動,或說風的方向有關聯。 A plankwalk leads from the riverbank to the entrance of Wind Cave, so named because of the cool breezes which can be felt at the narrow parts of the cave. Wind Cave, which is part of the Clearwater system, has many impressive stalactites, stalagmites, flowrocks, helitites and rock corals, some which are illuminated in…

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【17返馬】20170716。姆魯 Mulu (6) 梅林瑙河與本南人聚居區 Melinau River & Penan Settlement

第二天早上,在Marriott吃了豐富的早餐後,我們精神奕奕地出發。這次採水路,坐長舟沿著梅林瑙河往其上游的風洞和清水洞,途中參觀本南族的聚集區和當地的手工藝品市集。本南族原是姆魯一帶的少數民族,生活在原始森林裡,屬於游牧民族。每逢農耕換季和家族裡有人離世,就搬遷一次。1976年,政府為保護姆魯國家公園範圍內的原始生態環境,把本南人勸遷到政府規劃給他們的區域,開始定居生活。在打獵和遷農的活動被拘束後,本南人多進了國家公園和旅遊業服務,或在接受教育後離鄉背井到城市裡去工作。本南人的聚集區以老人、婦孺居多,來姆魯的遊客都會來參觀並買些手工藝品讓他們增加生活補貼。在姆魯國家公園的成立和現代文明生活的衝擊下,本南人已喪失了他們的傳統生活方式,從居無定所到不屬於他們原有文化的長屋,再過三、五十年會不會連本南語和本南習俗也消失了? The next morning, after buffet breakfast at Mulu Marriott Resort, we continued our journey to Wind Cave and Clearwater Cave. We were travelling from Marriott to the caves, following Melinau River to its upstreams by long boat. On the way, we visited Penan Settlement and its traditional craft market. Penan people used to have…

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【17返馬】20170715。姆魯 Mulu (5) 鹿洞 Deer Cave

在越南的山水洞(Sơn Đoòng Cave,目前世界最大的單體洞穴,參考YouTube上的3D模擬,Oxalis的探險記錄或Ryan Deboodt的洞內航拍)被發現以前,鹿洞(曾)是世界最大的洞穴。其實,專家都以各種標準(長度、寬度、高度、內容積等等)來衡量,誰最大還真的不好說。至2009年,鹿洞已知通道有4.1公里,南邊的洞口設有棧道讓遊客進入,參觀有174米寬、122米高的主洞。鹿洞裡住著幾百萬隻蝙蝠,排泄量以噸為計,所以,洞內充滿著亞摩尼亞的氣味,排泄物融入水裡,引來了巨鹿到此喝鹽水。當然,現今已沒有巨鹿的踪影,只留下了鹿洞為名。徬晚時分,只要天氣不差,都能在鹿洞外欣賞蝙蝠出洞,看那一批批的蝙蝠出洞覓食,就像一條條黑色的彩帶在空中飛舞。 Before discovery of Sơn Đoòng Cave in Vietnam (see YouTube: 3D Modeling, Oxalis Expedition 2017, or Drone video by Ryan Deboodt), Deer Cave was always claimed as the largest cave of the world. There’re still a lot of discussions about which cave is the largest, as there are no standard measurement…

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【17返馬】20170715。姆魯 Mulu (4) 藍洞 Lang’s Cave

藍洞是姆魯四個觀光石洞中最小的一個,但她的石灰岩景觀絕對值得一覽。 Lang’s Cave is the smallest of the show caves but its rock formations are well worth seeing. These are made all the more attractive by the strategically positioned spotlights which highlight stalactites and stalagmites. As the cave is relatively small and well-lit, it offers good opportunities to see some of its inhabitations such as…

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【17返馬】20170715。姆魯 Mulu (3) 往鹿洞和藍洞 On the way to Deer Cave & Lang’s Cave

我們參觀姆魯國家公園的行程都由Borneo Tropical Adventures(簡稱TA)安排。第一天下午去參觀藍洞和鹿洞,第二天早上參觀風洞和清水洞,這是純旅遊不變的走法,因為至今只有四個岩洞有完善的步道讓遊客有個輕鬆的旅程。想探險的人,可以選擇攀爬石峰(光攀峰就至少要三天兩夜),或是岩洞內的探險路線(良好的體能和心理素質,及基本的攀岩功夫是必要的)。姆魯國家公園的官方網站(點此)有提供更多景觀和玩法介紹。這輯照片是第一天下午往兩個岩洞的沿途景色。 Our tour was organized by Borneo Tropical Adventures (TA). As we only have chosen for 2D1N show caves programme, the activities were visiting Lang Cave and Deer Cave at first day’s afternoon, and visiting Wind Cave and Clearwater Cave in the next day morning. Untill nowadays, there are only 4 show caves…

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【17返馬】20170715-16。姆魯 Mulu (2) Mulu Marriott Resort & Spa

Mulu Marriott Resort & Spa位於姆魯國家公園邊沿,是在熱帶森林中的五星級享受。她的前身是經營了20年的Mulu Royal Resort, 在2015年被納入萬豪國際Marriott International旗下後,重新包裝,以新的面貌提供頂級的酒店服務(相關新聞連結)。雖然姆魯的廉價住宿(Lodge)越來越多,我們此程還是選擇了星級酒店。我們三個人住一間房,含早餐。午餐和晚餐則是由旅行社安排到對岸的小餐廳吃合菜。這輯全是在Mulu Marriott拍的照片。 Mulu Marriott Resort & Spa is located next to UNESCO heritage Mulu National Park, a place where you can enjoy 5-stars luxury in tropical forest. Formerly known as Mulu Royal Resort for 20 years, this resort has been renovated and transformed into Mulu Marriott after…

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【17返馬】20170715。姆魯 Mulu (1) 啟程 Miri to Mulu

續尼亞石洞之後,重頭戲來了:姆魯國家公園的兩天一夜遊。這是本人第四次去姆魯(是有點多,很多美里人都沒去過說),上次是2010年跟巴特去的,這次有湘群和大妹同行。因為往返美里姆魯的班機有限,去姆魯得早訂票,不然向隅的機率很高。也因為班次有限,機票價錢也跟著水漲船高,來回從馬幣300起跳。這輯是從美里到姆魯的照片。 This’s my fourth tour to Mulu, and last time was in 2010 with Bart. Together with XiangQun and Jessie, we have taken a 2D1N trip due to limited time. These’re the pictures from Miri to Mulu.

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